What the Bible Says About Prayers of Vengeance

In the Bible, prayers of vengeance often express a plea for God to enact justice or retribution against adversaries, as seen in the Psalms (e.g., Psalm 79:10). These prayers reflect deep anguish and a desire for divine intervention to uphold righteousness and vindicate the oppressed.

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Scripture

1 Be not silent, O God of my praise!
2 For wicked and deceitful mouths are opened against me, speaking against me with lying tongues.
3 They encircle me with words of hate, and attack me without cause.
4 In return for my love they accuse me, but I give myself to prayer.
5 Thus they return me evil for good, and hatred for my love.
6 Appoint a wicked man against him; let an accuser stand at his right hand.
7 When he is tried, let him come forth guilty; let his prayer be counted as sin!
8 May his days be few; may another take his office!
9 May his children be fatherless and his wife a widow!
10 May his children be fatherless and his wife a widow!
11 May the creditor seize all that he has; may strangers plunder the fruits of his toil!
12 May there be none to extend kindness to him, nor any to pity his fatherless children!
13 May his posterity be cut off; may his name be blotted out in the second generation!
14 Let the iniquity of his fathers be remembered before the Lord, and let not the sin of his mother be blotted out.
15 Let them be before the Lord continually, that he may cut off the memory of them from the earth.
16 For he did not remember to show kindness, but pursued the poor and needy and the brokenhearted, to put them to death.
17 He loved to curse; let curses come upon him. He did not delight in blessing; may it be far from him.
18 He wore cursing as his coat; so let it soak into his body like water, like oil into his bones.
19 May it be like a garment that he wraps around himself, like a belt that he puts on every day.
20 May this be the reward of my accusers from the Lord, of those who speak evil against my life!
21 But you, O God my Lord, deal on my behalf for your name’s sake; because your steadfast love is good, deliver me!
22 For I am poor and needy, and my heart is stricken within me.
23 I am gone like a shadow at evening; I am shaken off like a locust.
24 My knees are weak through fasting, and my body has become gaunt.
25 I am gone like a shadow at evening; I am shaken off like a locust.
26 Help me, O Lord my God! Save me according to your steadfast love!
27 That they may know that this is your hand; you, O Lord, have done it!
28 But you may be glad when they see your shame, and let them be put to shame.
29 May my accusers be clothed with shame; may they be wrapped in their own guilt as in a cloak.
30 With my mouth I will give great thanks to the Lord; I will praise him in the midst of the throng.
31 For he stands at the right hand of the needy one, to save him from those who condemn his soul to death.

Psalm 109:1-31

Prayers of Vengeance in the Bible

Prayers of vengeance in the Bible serve a complex theological and emotional function, embodying the human longing for justice in a world often perceived as unjust. Such prayers, notably found in the Psalms—like Psalm 79:10 (“Why should the nations say, ‘Where is their God?’ Let vengeance for the shed blood of your servants be known among the nations in our sight!”)—reflect an urgent cry for God to act and defend the oppressed against their enemies. This call for divine retribution underscores a significant biblical theme: the belief that God is a righteous judge who ultimately brings all wickedness to account. This perspective can deepen the understanding of how injustice directly impacts the communal relationship with God, as the cries for vengeance are not merely personal grievances but calls for the restoration of God’s honor and the vindication of His people.

Moreover, these prayers highlight the tension between human emotions and divine justice. While the imprecatory Psalms express raw feelings of anger and the desire for revenge, they also ultimately rest in the faith that God, rather than humans, should deliver vengeance. Romans 12:19 encapsulates this principle: “Do not take revenge, my dear friends, but leave room for God’s wrath, for it is written: ‘It is mine to avenge; I will repay,’ says the Lord.” This instruction moderates the human inclination for revenge, emphasizing trust in God’s sovereignty and impartiality in matters of justice. Thus, understanding prayers of vengeance is crucial in grappling with the complexities of justice, mercy, and the human condition within the biblical narrative, serving both as an honest expression of pain and a theological assertion of faith in divine justice.

The concept of prayers of vengeance in the Bible often revolves around the Greek word “ἐκδίκησις” (ekdikēsis), which translates to “vengeance” or “retribution.” This term is derived from the verb “ἐκδικέω” (ekdikeō), meaning “to avenge” or “to punish.” The prefix “ἐκ-” (ek) implies a sense of “out of” or “from,” while “δίκη” (dikē) refers to “justice” or “right.” Thus, “ἐκδίκησις” can be understood as the act of bringing justice or retribution out of a situation where wrong has been done.

Scholars such as John N. Collins in his work on biblical justice have explored the implications of this term within the context of divine justice and human retribution. Collins emphasizes that the biblical understanding of vengeance is not merely about personal revenge but is often framed within the larger narrative of God’s justice and the restoration of order. Similarly, Walter Brueggemann has discussed the role of lament and imprecation in the Psalms, highlighting how prayers of vengeance serve as a means for the faithful to express their anguish and desire for divine intervention against oppressors. This understanding situates prayers of vengeance not only as expressions of personal grievance but also as appeals for God’s righteous action in the world.

The Nature of Divine Justice

Prayers of vengeance in the Bible often reflect a deep yearning for justice and the restoration of moral order. They express the belief that God is a righteous judge who will ultimately right wrongs and punish evil. This understanding emphasizes that human beings, in their limited perspective, may not always see justice served in their lifetime, but they trust that God will enact justice in His perfect timing. Such prayers serve as a reminder that vengeance belongs to God, and that He is aware of the injustices faced by His people.

The Role of Human Emotion

Prayers of vengeance also highlight the raw human emotions of anger, pain, and betrayal. These prayers provide a channel for individuals to express their feelings to God, acknowledging their hurt and desire for retribution. This aspect of prayer underscores the importance of honesty in one’s relationship with God, allowing believers to bring their struggles and emotions before Him. It illustrates that God is not distant from human suffering but is intimately aware of the trials His followers endure.

The Call for Transformation

Lastly, prayers of vengeance can serve as a catalyst for personal and communal transformation. While they may initially focus on seeking retribution against enemies, they can lead to a deeper understanding of forgiveness and reconciliation. By confronting feelings of anger and the desire for vengeance, individuals may be prompted to seek healing and restoration instead. This transformative aspect encourages believers to move beyond a desire for revenge and to embrace a path of love, mercy, and grace, reflecting the character of God in their lives.

How to Embrace Faith Amidst Trials and Tribulations

Embracing faith amidst trials and tribulations can feel daunting, but it’s in these challenging moments that our faith can truly deepen and flourish. When life throws its hardest punches, remember that you are not alone; God walks with you through every storm. Take time to pray and pour out your heart to Him, just as David did in the Psalms, expressing both his anguish and his trust in God’s unfailing love. Surround yourself with a supportive community—friends, family, or a church group—who can uplift you and remind you of God’s promises. Reflect on scripture, like Romans 5:3-5, which teaches us that suffering produces perseverance, character, and hope. Let these trials refine you, shaping your faith into something stronger and more resilient. Embrace the journey, knowing that every struggle is an opportunity to grow closer to God and to witness His grace in your life.

Bible References to Prayers of Vengeance:

Jeremiah 11:18-23: 18 The Lord made it known to me and I knew;
then you showed me their deeds.
19 But I was like a gentle lamb led to the slaughter.
20 But, O Lord of hosts, who judges righteously, who tests the heart and the mind, let me see your vengeance upon them, for to you have I committed my cause.
21 Therefore thus says the Lord concerning the men of Anathoth, who seek your life, and say, “Do not prophesy in the name of the Lord, or you will die by our hand”—
22 therefore thus says the Lord of hosts: “Behold, I will punish them. The young men shall die by the sword, their sons and their daughters shall die by famine,
23 And there will be no remnant left of them, for I will bring disaster upon the men of Anathoth, the year of their punishment.

Psalm 69:22-28: 22 Let their own table before them become a snare; and when they are at peace, let it become a trap.
23 Let their eyes be darkened, so that they cannot see, and make their loins tremble continually.
24 Pour out your indignation upon them, and let your burning anger overtake them.
25 Let their camp be a desolation; let no one dwell in their tents.
26 For they persecute whom you have struck down, and they recount the pain of those you have wounded.
27 Add guilt to their guilt, and may they not come into your righteousness.
28 Let them be blotted out of the book of the living; let them not be enrolled among the righteous.

Psalm 137:7-9: 7 Remember, O Lord, against the Edomites the day of Jerusalem, how they said, “Lay it bare, lay it bare, down to its foundations!”
8 O daughter of Babylon, doomed to be destroyed, blessed shall he be who repays you with what you have done to us!
9 Blessed shall he be who takes your little ones and dashes them against the rock!

Jeremiah 18:19-23: 19 Give heed to me, O Lord,
and listen to the voice of my adversaries.
20 Should good be repaid with evil?
Yet they have dug a pit for my life.
Remember how I stood before you
to speak good for them,
to turn away your wrath from them.
21 Therefore give their children over to famine; hand them over to the power of the sword; let their wives become childless and widowed. May their men meet death by pestilence, their youths be struck down by the sword in battle.
22 Let a cry be heard from their houses, when you bring the plunderer suddenly upon them! For they have dug a pit to take me and laid snares for my feet.
23 Yet, O Lord, you know all their plotting to kill me. Forgive not their iniquity, nor blot out their sin from your sight. Let them be overthrown before you; deal with them in the time of your anger.

Psalm 58:6-11: 6 O God, break the teeth in their mouths; tear out the fangs of the young lions, O Lord!
7 O God, break the teeth in their mouths; tear out the fangs of the young lions, O Lord!
8 Let them be like the snail that dissolves into slime, like the stillborn child who never sees the sun.
9 Before your pots can feel the heat of thorns, whether green or ablaze, the wicked will be swept away.
10 The righteous will rejoice when he sees the vengeance; he will bathe his feet in the blood of the wicked.
11 Mankind will say, “Surely there is a reward for the righteous; surely there is a God who judges on earth.”

Psalm 35:1-8: 1 Contend, O Lord, with those who contend with me; fight against those who fight against me.
2 Take hold of shield and buckler and rise for my help!
3 Say to my soul, “I am your salvation!”
4 Let them be put to shame and dishonor who seek after my life; let them be turned back and disappointed who devise evil against me.
5 Let them be like chaff before the wind, with the angel of the Lord driving them away!
6 Let their way be dark and slippery, with the angel of the Lord pursuing them.
7 For without cause they hid their net for me; without cause they dug a pit for my soul.
8 Let destruction come upon him when he does not know it! And let the net that he hid ensnare him; let him fall into it—to his destruction!

Psalm 83:9-18: 9 Do to them as you did to Midian, as to Sisera and Jabin at the river Kishon.
10 Who were destroyed at En-dor, who became dung for the ground.
11 Make their nobles like Oreb and Zeeb, all their princes like Zebah and Zalmunna,
12 Who say, “Let us take for ourselves the pastures of God.”
13 O my God, make them like whirling dust, like chaff before the wind.
14 As fire consumes the forest, as the flame sets the mountains ablaze,
15 So pursue them with your tempest and terrify them with your hurricane!
16 Fill their faces with shame, that they may seek your name, O Lord.
17 Let them be put to shame and dismayed forever; let them perish in disgrace.
18 That people may know that you alone, whose name is the Lord, are the Most High over all the earth.

Psalm 94:1-7: 1 O Lord, God of vengeance,
O God of vengeance, shine forth!
2 Rise up, O judge of the earth; repay to the proud what they deserve!
3 O Lord, how long shall the wicked, how long shall the wicked exult?
4 They pour out their arrogant words; all the evildoers boast.
5 They crush your people, O Lord, and afflict your heritage.
6 They kill the widow and the sojourner, and murder the fatherless;
7 They say, “The Lord does not see; the God of Jacob does not perceive.”

Revelation 6:9-11: 9 When he opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain for the word of God and for the witness they had borne.
10 They cried out with a loud voice, “O Sovereign Lord, holy and true, how long before you will judge and avenge our blood on those who dwell on the earth?”
11 Then they were each given a white robe and told to rest a little longer, until the number of their fellow servants and their brothers should be complete, who were to be killed as they themselves had been.